Philosophy of Literacy Education - 3054 Words

Personal Philosophy of Literacy Education Throughout my first year as a middle school Language Arts teacher, I have developed a theoretical understanding of what I believe are the necessary components to providing a meaningful and generative environment in which students develop and expand literacy skills. The teaching of literacy needs to include a balance of reading, writing, speaking and listening activities, and needs to be a social endeavor that provides a variety of instructional strategies to meet the needs of all diverse learners. My teaching strategies, beliefs and personality that I bring to my classroom can be characterized as a blend of two types of philosophical theories: social constructivism and relational teaching and†¦show more content†¦Literacy cannot be learned through multiple lessons taught solely in isolation. Instead, it must be learned in a comprehensive manner, in which various literacy skills are fully-integrated. Vygotsky (1987) is the theorist wh o appears to have had the greatest influence on literacy researchers working from a social constructivist perspective. Vygotsky’s approach to learning was holistic in nature, and he advocated the study of higher mental functions with all their complexity (Moll, 1990). Research on school literacy learning conducted from a social constructivist perspective suggests that students need to engage in authentic and relevant literacy activities, as opposed to rote memorization or repetitive worksheets contrived for practice (Au, 1998). The fourth element of my philosophy of literacy education is the importance of teaching literacy through bringing relevance, to establish a deep link between the students and the content. My student population is comprised of an array of diverse backgrounds, all coming together in my classroom. Literacy achievement of students of diverse backgrounds can be strengthened by moving from a mainstream orientation to a more diverse orientation, giving greate r consideration to issues of ethnicity, primary language, and social class (Au, 1998). Themes in constructivist work encourage creating relevant learning experiences for students as a central part of literacy acquisition, includingShow MoreRelatedPhilosophy Of Equitable Literacy And Language Education Essay2042 Words   |  9 PagesPhilosophy of Equitable Literacy and Language Education The purpose of education is to provide children with a further understanding of subjects and the world around them. Education gives children a chance to mature and develop socially and intellectually. Each and every child is unique and needs special individualized attention in the classroom in order to learn and grow. As an educator it is my ambition and main goal to help students reach their fullest potential by providing authentic experiencesRead MoreMy Personal Statement For Teaching Reading772 Words   |  4 Pageskeep up with classes and new techniques, but feel that I am much more capable of teaching reading than before I started these courses. The course 653 Literacy Acquisition helped me to improve and further develop my educational philosophies and beliefs. So, I chose to speak about the first lesson that was expected of me in this class, Module 1 Literacy Theories, Beliefs and Practices. As I reviewed this assignment I see how novice, I was on the subject of reading and how artificial the comments wereRead MoreBasic Education in Lesotho1582 Words   |  7 PagesTHE BASIC EDUCATION OF LESOTHO Education in Lesotho is divided into four main sub-sectors, namely Basic education, Secondary Education, Technical vocational Education and Training and High Education. The practice and policies guiding the Basic education sub-sector, the sub-sector’s philosophy, how relevant to the clientele are the programmes, or the subjects offered and whether Adult Education can influence the policy and practice of Basic Education shall be displayed or examined in the essayRead MoreA Personal Philosophy Of Education869 Words   |  4 Pagesthe healthcare field continues to evolve so must the nursing education system. Personal Philosophy of Education A personal philosophy of education is important to all Nurse Educators. It allows for the Nurse Educator to truly take time to reflect and reconnect to themselves and their profession; highlighting what is central and sacred to them as an individual, a nurse, and an educator. I believe that my personal philosophy of education will continue to progress and change just as healthcare andRead MoreCultural Literacy According to E.D. Hirsch958 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Literacy According to E.D. Hirsch According to E.D. Hirsch, to be culturally literate is to possess the basic information to thrive in the modern world. It is the grasp on the background information that writers and speakers assume their audience already has. In his book, Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know, Hirsch sets forth 5,000 essential words and phrases of which each person should be knowledgeable. The list ranges from idioms to mythology, from science to fairyRead More Educational Philosophies Essay1574 Words   |  7 PagesEducational Philosophies Many different ideas of the correct educational philosophy exist. Highly acclaimed psychologists and educators developed these varying philosophies. Each of these philosophies have their strengths and weaknesses and have their positives and negatives in different situations. It is our job as educators to sift through this list of philosophies to find our own style and philosophy. We must research the pros and cons of each philosophy and pick and choose which sectionsRead MoreLiteracy Is The Cornerstone For All Learning926 Words   |  4 PagesLiteracy is the cornerstone to all learning; it is imperative to future academic success. (Tracey and Morrow, 2012). Due to the significance of literacy instruction, there are a myriad of ways to teach literacy. Literacy is a complex subject, honing in on balancing reading, writing, speaking, and listening. As a result of the complexity of literacy instruction, we arrive at the age-old debate of what is the best literacy instruction . My philosophy of literacy instruction centralizes around theRead MoreI Am A Great Philosophy Of Education1104 Words   |  5 PagesTeachers need a great philosophy of education, which includes a great philosophy of literacy. The philosophy of literacy contains two parts, which are the philosophy of reading and the philosophy of writing. Every teacher has their own belief in what constitutes a great literacy program. â€Å"Balanced reading is deep-rooted in the belief that teachers should constantly be aware of student individual needs and progress† (Bennett, n.d.). I will be discussing my philosophy of reading and my beliefs on whatRead MoreBank Street School For Children1160 Words   |  5 Pagesimprove quality of the program for children and their families. The teacher uses every opportunity to foster intellectual mastery and function in the learning environment. Bank Street curriculum’s environment, philosophy, principals, and Teachers as families, are involved to the entire education of children’s growth. The History Bank Street School for Children was founded in 1916 in New York City by visionary educator Lucy SpragueRead MoreThe Language And Balanced Literacy1454 Words   |  6 Pages Academic Basics of Basals, Whole Language and Balanced Literacy When addressing the subject of reading and the most effective method to teach reading is? Additionally, when we teach our children how to read, do they truly understand what they are reading and can they communicate to us what they have read? As educator we have to be instrumental in creating students to become independent effective readers who comprehend well. In order to do this, students have to be provided with basic reading

Costing Concerns in Society Free Essays

In today’s competitive economy, the cost structure is much more complex than that of the past, and there is a lot less room for error than that allowed in the more laid back economy of the past. Today’s costing concerns arise from the growing disparity between direct and indirect product costs. American manufacturers have been pursuing a steady stream of manufacturing methods and technologies. We will write a custom essay sample on Costing Concerns in Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now The goal was simple and uniform: to reduce or eliminate direct costs. But as manufacturing has evolved, so has the structure of a product’s cost. Direct costs, such as labor, are no longer the dominant cost of a product. The cost of indirect activities such as automation, marketing, sales, engineering, and order processing have dramatically increased. Overhead has grown to become the most expensive element of product cost structure. This might not be so bad if conventional product costing systems could handle the shift in cost structure. Unfortunately, they don†t. Most conventional systems allocate overhead based on some burdened rate (direct labor hours is a good example). This was acceptable when overhead was small and direct costs were high. But in today†s automated factory, this can lead to disaster. Conventional systems report inaccurate product costs–often grossly inaccurate. Management, in turn, makes strategic decisions based on these inaccurate product costs. Traditional cost systems assume all overhead activities are consumed equally by all products relative to volume produced. Further, all costs are allocated to products because the system assumes that current output drives current overhead costs. Overhead costs are allocated to products on the basis of the product’s demand for some volume variable direct cost, usually labor hours, machine hours, or materials cost. But none of these bases individually represents the actual overhead incurred to make the product. Conventional thinking holds that the inaccuracy is not relevant because in total all costs are accounted for, and on average the relative distortion in margin reporting can not be significant. Activity based costing, by contrast, identifies what activities are performed by the overhead organization and calculates the cost incurred to perform each activity. Costs are traced to products on the basis of the individual product’s demand for these activities throughout the process of converting raw materials, energy and human enterprise into the finished article. The allocation bases used in ABC, then, are the quantifications of activities performed. These might include hours of labor or number of times handled. As already mentioned, conventional costing often leads to gross inaccuracies. This is because direct costs–especially direct labor–have been minimized by automation. At the same time, indirect costs have increased dramatically. And it†s the indirect costs that get averaged across product lines by conventional methods. To see how bad the errors can be, look at the following chart. Conventional costing says that product B has a much lower overhead cost per unit ($4.80 vs. $7.20 for Product A). But this can†t be so. Product B consumes five times as much engineering change activity as Product A. Product B should cost more to produce. What has happened here is that the conventional system has averaged overhead costs across both products. The total cost of engineering changes is divided by the total direct labor hours. The result, $2.40 per direct labor hour, is then applied to each product. This overhead averaging causes Product A to carry an unfair–and inaccurate–portion of the overhead costs. Now guess what happens when these cost figures are used in pricing. Product A will probably be overpriced for the market, and Product B will be sold for less than its true production cost. Conventional costing says that product B has a much lower overhead cost per unit ($4.80 vs. $7.20 for Product A). But this can†t be so. Product B consumes five times as much engineering change activity as Product A. Product B should cost more to produce. What has happened here is that the conventional system has averaged overhead costs across both products. The total cost of engineering changes is divided by the total direct labor hours. The result, $2.40 per direct labor hour, is then applied to each product. This overhead averaging causes Product A to carry an unfair–and inaccurate–portion of the overhead costs. Now, using the ABC concept, the costs are apportioned according to a driver, the number of engineering change orders. (ECO’s) The next graph shows the reallocation of overhead costs by the ABC method. Product B is now carrying its fair share of ECO processing costs. As would be expected, Product B actually costs five times more than Product A in terms of indirect activity consumption. As you have seen, activity based costing can offer much clearer insight into the operations of a business than the conventional method .of the past. When ABC is used as a management system, it is a powerful tool for rethinking and improving products, services, processes and a company’s market strategies. How to cite Costing Concerns in Society, Essay examples

New York

Question: Read the article New York's smoke-free regulations: Effects on employment and sales in the hospital industry. Critically analyze the study based on the individual elements of Krathwohls chain of reasoning. Answer: Applying theory to research There has forever been a relationship between research and theory in science. Although both are complementary to one another, many a times both are regarded as an alternate for one another. The theory is founded on the research that additionally support research. Theories that dont care about the research are merely the unproven ideas and are biased. Therefore, true science at all times consists of both theory and empirical, controlled research. The individual constituents of Krathwohls chain of reasoning vitally examine the relationship of the research and theory. In this study, the case of New York's smoke-free regulations and its consequences on the sales and employment in the hospitality sector is studied (Charles, 2006). The requirement for research on Smoke free regulations in the NY city is extremely significant, as there is a grave predicament in the common view that smoke free directives will result in diminish in sales as well as employment in the hospitality-sector. But, the real fact is that neither the employment, nor the sales are hurt when smoke-free directives are put. Before carrying out a research, it is of extreme significance to evaluate the prior work, and dispense what is the goal of the research. This study shows that the prior claims that the smoke will be excluded, and the environment will be made vigorous look as a tough measure by the federal and state governments which will cost the hospitality market. Prior Research The prior researches have evidently revealed that hospitality workers experience considerable coverage to secondhand smoke which augments the danger of lung cancer. Also, there have been researches that have shown that following the execution of the smoke free hospitality, the instances of respiratory problems have reduced sharply in the hospitality employees. Another empirical study is that of the year 2002, according to which 231 jurisdictions in the US have directed smoke-free restaurants or worksites, comprising the whole states of Delaware and California (Ghauri, 2002). The position of local hospitality-industry financial system has been researched and examined by both objective and subjective means. Objective processes mostly comprise examining employment levels while subjective processes comprise as restaurant owners' or customers' reports on modifications in business previous to and after the execution of the smoke free directives. These studies have revealed that on the whol e there is no diminish in the local hospitality-industry financial system. Although, the claims made by tourist agencies and big organizations have frequently become obstructions for governments to put into practice the some smoke free directions. Thus, although the existing research demonstrates that the avers of the hospitality sector are wrong, there is still necessitate for a wider study on the topic (Hyland, 2003). In this research, alterations in employment and taxable sales in hotels of 5 nations in the New York State, which have put into practice smoke-free dining directives have been analyzed. The main self-sufficient variable in our study is the attendance/nonattendance of smoke-free directives. Parameters of study Mostly 5 parameters are examined in this study and they are - The division of retail sales from drinking and eating places Per-capita hotel employment Per-capita chargeable sales from drinking and eating organizations Per-capita taxable sales from hotels Per-capita restaurant employment Both prior to and after the execution of the smoke free regulation the circumstances of the local hospitality-industry financial system is examined (Mark, 2012). Also, in order to make the research more quantitative a variety of statistical instruments are utilized. It consists linear-regression model which was made to appraise the height of every result as a role of 4 autonomous variables, that is, the attendance of the smoke-free season, time and unemployment rate. The year of employment rate is also studied and statistics are taken from NYSDOL. The result of economic trend is examined both ways by contrasting drinking and eating sales with the retail sales in a given nation and by contrasting sales in the same nation over time and employment, time and season are taken into consideration (Michael, 2014). The amount of hotels is reduced a little. The positive drift is seen in the employment and sales. Per-capita hotel employment augmented in three nations and diminished in two others. The account and the empirical study carried out here is fairly clear and goes to the line of research. All the nations have demonstrated an immense propensity with no or positive association amid the execution of the smoke free agreement and employment. This also obviously expends the fact that other nations should start putting into practice the smoke free directives. Thus, the purpose of the study is obviously attained, though if the data will be examined further more advantage from the smoke free directives will come out. The 5 variables referred to above evidently have a no or positive effect from the smoke free directives. The research also asserts to be technical, as most of the constraints are followed correctly, like, going by earlier researches, defining the variables and genuine data are collected from a variety of sources to draw the final (Easterby-Smith, 2008). Therefore, the principle now is backed by observable research data. All through these studies the data demonstrates that the smoke-free directives are good for the business. The study carried out here goes with the precise rule and it evidently frames out the technical standards (Fiske, 2004). This paramount thing about the study is that it also reflects on a variety of other things. A lot of different factors come into sight to have an effect on the hospitality sector, consisting the universal financial environment and secular alterations in dining and travel actions. Policymakers should not shun from putting into practice smoke-free regulations for the reason of panic of lost business. In its place, lawmakers should pass smoke-free directives for the reason that they lessen patrons' and workers' experience to secondhand smoke. Managers must welcome the prospect to defend the well being of their patrons and employees by getting smoke-free devoid of the dreads of lost revenue or patronage (Casse, 2011). Quality of the study The study is of good quality, it takes care of a variety of other factors and also the probable sources. Also, the sample size is fairly big which makes the account more clear. The data demonstrated here is pretty good and the things are revealed adequately, so the general quality is good. Although in the study frequently clear margin is not drawn amid diverse factors, like, hypothesis, purpose and methodology (Schwab, 2009). Therefore, the methodology and the data should more effortlessly understood if the data would be presented in another way. Also, the other probable factors are not considered in detail so the study is not very vivid. Conclusion The result of smoke free directives generally has no unpleasant effect on the hospitality sector and employment. Therefore, other sectors should also start utilizing free smoke directives, as it only assists to save the wellbeing of the populace. It will also assist to save the environment. The companies are in profit as they have to shell out less taxes as they are producing less harmful gases. Thus, Per-capita taxable sales from drinking and eating businesses has augmented piercingly which will improve the financial system in the long term and the economy will become strong. References Casse, C. (2011). Challenges and Controversies in Management Research.New York: Routledge. Charles, J. (2010) Chapter 32: Applying Theories to Research: The Interplay of Theory and Research in Science Available on: https://dx.doi.org.proxy1.ncu.edu/10.4135/9781412976626.n32. Retrieved on 25 January, 2016 Easterby-Smith, M (2008). Management Research (3rd edn). London: Sage. Fiske, S. (2004). Mine the gap: In praise of informal sources of formal theory. Personality and Social Psychology Review 8 (2004). 132137. Ghauri, P. (2002), Research Methods in Business Studies: A Practical Guide (2nd edition), London: Hyland, A. (2003), New York's smoke-free regulations: Effects on employment and sales in the hospitality industry, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 9-16. Mark, N. (2012) Research Methods for Business Students sixth edition. Harlow, England, Pearson Education, Inc. Michael, S. (2014),The Exposition of Artistic Research: Publishing Art in Academia,Leiden: Leiden University Press. Schwab, M. (2009). Draft Proposal. Journal for Artistic Research. Bern University of the Arts.

Walmart Market Structure

A market is said to function depending on the number, size and the power which is held by producers/firms which are operating in that particular market.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Walmart Market Structure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Products are bought and sold differently in the market and they are bought and sold under different conditions. These prevailing conditions that products are bought and sold determine the market structure in which a particular firm is to operate. There are four market structures namely; perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly each with its distinct characteristics. Founded in 1962, Walmart is a major grocery retailer in the United States of America with its headquarters in Arkansas (Fishman, 2006). The company’s sales account to billions of shillings, for instance, in 2009, the compared recorded sales of $258 US Dollars. The comp any’s stores are in 55 different countries with the leading ones being in the US. The company also operates Mexico, UK, Brazil and Canada among others under different names. The company had to exit markets like Germany because it did not do well. When Walmart is judged from a bird’s eye view, it has the characteristics of an oligopoly. One of the reasons as to why Walmart may be referred to having an oligopoly market structure is because it is operating in an industry where there are other few competing firms which are offering the same products that Walmart is offering. These major competitors are Kmart and Target (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009) which have tried to cut a niche in the market. When discussing oligopoly market structure, the emphasis is not entirely on the market structure but also on the way the firm will relate with other firms in the industry. When we look at Walmart as an oligopoly, does it anticipate the reaction of its competitors before the firm mak es major decisions owing to the fact that it is the largest grocery retail stores in the US? One of the major characteristic of an oligopoly market structure is that there has to be interdependence among firms (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009). Organizations in oligopolistic markets also at times will agree to work together in order for them to benefit jointly. Another distinguishing feature of firms in oligopolistic markets is that there exists price rigidity because changes in the price of the commodities of one firm/organization may lead to price wars among the other firms in the industry (Fishman, 2006). Therefore oligopolistic market organizations are price rigid which is not the case with Walmart for it gains its competitive advantage over other firms in the industry through lowering its prices and therefore driving up the sales of its commodities. This introduces the concept that Walmart is a monopoly in the industry, operating in an oligopolistic market structure.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Walmart leads in terms of grocery retail in the US and competitors do not offer stiff competition and the reason why the organization has been able to offer low prices for its products despite the existence of other competing firms in the same industry (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009). Walmart is never largely affected by the pricing strategies of its competitors but instead its competitors are the ones who have to adapt their prices to match the prices of Walmart. The size of Walmart in comparison to its competitors gives Walmart the characteristic of a monopoly. The organization has approximately 8500 stores. In 2009, the company ranked the greatest in terms of its revenue and therefore the large capital base makes the organization to enjoy internal economies of scales and therefore able to reduce its operational costs. This acts to the advantage of the organization through offering its customers low prices for its products and thus able to create customer loyalty. Competitors, the examples of Target and Kmart are unable to produce and sell at the prevailing market conditions offered by Walmart giving Walmart dominance in determining the prices of the commodities (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009). For other grocery retailers which are trying to come in to the market, are simply forced out of the way by the giant corporation making Walmart a monopoly in the grocery retail business. Effectiveness of monopoly structure for Walmart is that the company is the ring leader in relation to setting the prices of grocery products. Competitors simply have to adjust their prices to the tune of Walmart prices for the competitors fear getting into wars over prices with Walmart (Fishman, 2006). Another advantage is that the corporation through its large capital base can afford to operate more and more retail stores to offer competition to competi tors. Where competitors cannot penetrate, Walmart can penetrate and thus Walmart organization is able to make the most of whatever demand exists in the market. Also Walmart, being a giant organization, has the advantage of being able to maintain prices to the level that it wants for the small sized corporation in the grocery industry are unable to compete with it. From the above analysis, the organization (Walmart) has an oligopolistic market structure due to the existence of competitors which are trying to curve a niche in the market but its monopolistic market structure has outdone the oligopolistic nature of Walmart (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009), therefore in presence of these competitors, Walmart is still a monopoly. References Fishman, C. (2006). The Wal-Mart Effect: How the World’s Most Powerful Company Really Works–and How It’s Transforming the American Economy.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Walmart Market Structure speci fically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Zhu, T., Singh, V. Manuszak, M. (2009). Market Structure and Competition in the Retail Discount Industry. Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) This research paper on Walmart Market Structure was written and submitted by user Andre Hahn to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Tax Effect Accounting

ABSTRACT The purpose of this essay is to identify the differences between the current tax-effect accounting with the new method purposed for tax accounting as part of Australia’s move towards international accounting standards. To write up this essay I have researched various accounting web sites. I have also studied tax-effect accounting thoroughly in various textbooks, articles and journals. In my research I have found that there are significant differences between the conceptual basis of tax-effect accounting adopted in the revised and superseded Standards. Some of the major differences addressed in this essay are the methodology used, the objectives, the focus, the terminology, the measurement and the recognition criteria. The tax-effect time bomb has been ticking away since December 1999 when the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) made the standard that has thrown out an old income statement approach of tax effect accounting and replaced it with what is known as balance sheet method. Some ways that organizations can confront this change is by education, technical measures and under special circumstances, understand everyday transactions. These are also discussed in the essay. This essay concludes that the comprehensive balance sheet liability method is more consistent with the conceptual framework underlying all accounting standards. This is supported by a research done by the Australian Accounting research Foundation. It is also concluded that due to the change, there will be a challenge for prepares of financial reports in applying the new Standard. INTRODUCTION The current practice of accounting for company income tax is known as ‘tax-effect accounting’. It relies on the basic premise that profit from ordinary activities determines income tax expense and taxable income determines tax payable. Sims and Cliff (2001, p.314) states that ‘AASB 1020 Accounting for Income Tax (... Free Essays on Tax Effect Accounting Free Essays on Tax Effect Accounting ABSTRACT The purpose of this essay is to identify the differences between the current tax-effect accounting with the new method purposed for tax accounting as part of Australia’s move towards international accounting standards. To write up this essay I have researched various accounting web sites. I have also studied tax-effect accounting thoroughly in various textbooks, articles and journals. In my research I have found that there are significant differences between the conceptual basis of tax-effect accounting adopted in the revised and superseded Standards. Some of the major differences addressed in this essay are the methodology used, the objectives, the focus, the terminology, the measurement and the recognition criteria. The tax-effect time bomb has been ticking away since December 1999 when the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) made the standard that has thrown out an old income statement approach of tax effect accounting and replaced it with what is known as balance sheet method. Some ways that organizations can confront this change is by education, technical measures and under special circumstances, understand everyday transactions. These are also discussed in the essay. This essay concludes that the comprehensive balance sheet liability method is more consistent with the conceptual framework underlying all accounting standards. This is supported by a research done by the Australian Accounting research Foundation. It is also concluded that due to the change, there will be a challenge for prepares of financial reports in applying the new Standard. INTRODUCTION The current practice of accounting for company income tax is known as ‘tax-effect accounting’. It relies on the basic premise that profit from ordinary activities determines income tax expense and taxable income determines tax payable. Sims and Cliff (2001, p.314) states that ‘AASB 1020 Accounting for Income Tax (...

A Traditional Fairy Tale From a Feminist Perspective

A Traditional Fairy Tale From a Feminist Perspective The Big Bad Wolf, Prince Charming, and The Beast: many fairy tales provide images of men varying from the courageous to the very evil. Each tale encodes messages for young girls about men, marriage, or sex as a type of socialization. Charles Perraults traditional version of the Bluebeard tale, which includes morals regarding curiosity and marriage, is no exception. In her book The Bloody Chamber, Angela Carter totally flips the messages of traditional fairy tales, such as Bluebeard, by rewriting them from a feminist perspective. Carter transforms the tale of Bluebeard into a feminist story in her version entitled The Bloody Chamber by placing the mother in the role of savior, allowing the protagonist to participate in her own rescue, and subtracting strength from the secondary male figures. One of Carters most notable adaptations to the story of Bluebeard in an effort to create a feminist tale is her treatment of the protagonists mother. In the traditional version of the fairy tale, Perrault mentions the protagonists mother only briefly as, a respectable lady, [who] had two daughters who were perfect beauties (144). Unlike Perrault, Carter chooses to make the mother a central figure. Whereas Perrault only describes the mother in regard to her lady-like qualities and her role in raising children, Carter depicts the mother as a much more complex and powerful character, which is a key adaptation in her efforts to turn the story into a feminist tale. In the opening of the story, the narrator describes her mother as my eagle-featured indomitable mother who had outfaced a junkful of Chinese pirates, nursed a village through a visitation of the plague, shot a man-eating tiger with her own hand (7). By describing the mother as indomitable, Carter immediately points to the moth ers strength. Likewise, by providing the reader with the mothers unfeminine history, Carter emphasizes the mothers past courage and potential power. Carter also depicts the mother as a source of strength for the female protagonist. When she explores the chamber, the narrator notes, Until that moment, this spoiled child did not know she had inherited nerves and a will from the mother who had defied the yellow outlaws of Indo-China. My mothers sprit drove me on. (28). Carter does not simply depict the mother as brave, but implies that bravery passes from mother to daughter. The passing of courage from female to female, rather than male to male or male to female, is significant in that it shows the power of a strong female role model. The daughter looks up to the mother because of her unfeminine abilities. The history of the mothers courage is not the only way in which Carter uses the mother character to make the story distinctly feminist. Carter expands on this strong female character by placing the mother in the role of the savior, rather than giving such power to a male character. In Perraults version of the tale, the girls brothers heroically rescue her from a violent death at the hands of Bluebeard. Carter, however, replaces the brothers with the mother, thus placing the most power (the power to defeat the villain) in the hands of a female, she raised my fathers gun, took aim and put a single, irreproachable bullet through my husbands head (40). With the mother as the rescuer who kills the husband, Carter changes the nature of the climactic moment of the story. Rather than a struggle between men regarding a female, the struggle occurs between male and female. The wife relies not on men to save her, but on another woman. Cater toys with this power struggle between male and female even more by allowing the protagonist to play a role in her own escape. In both The Bloody Chamber and Perraults Bluebeard, the protagonist attempts to prolong her life by stalling her husband. In Carters version, the narrator walks slowly to her husband to allow her mother time to approach the castle (39). In Perraults, the girl asks for time to say her prayers in attempt to delay her doom until the arrival of her brothers who she hopes will rescue her (146). Both of these examples are passive attempts to simply buy time until another party can perform the rescue. However, Carter provides her protagonist with a greater role in her own escape, as her husband swings what would be a deathly blow. The blade did not descend, the necklace did not sever, my head did not roll. For, for an instant, the beast wavered in his stroke, a sufficient split second of astonished indecision to let me spring upright and dart to the assistance of my lover as he struggled sightlessly with the great bolts that kept [my mother] out. (39) This quote exemplifies the importance of the narrators own action in her salvation. Carters emphasis on what did not happen, followed by the action of the protagonist, allows the reader to see that she does not die because of her own inclination to move out from under the blade. After all, if she does not do so, her husband will kill her before her mother even enters the room. Her assistance is required to open the gate for her mother. The addition of the protagonists action is a key element in her rescue, which is not found in Perraults version of the tale. In his version, the brothers enter, chase, and kill Bluebeard while the girl remains on the ground, Bluebeards wife was as close to death as her husband and barely had the strength to rise and embrace her brothers (147). Whereas Perrault depicts her as weak and incapable, Carter depicts the wife as a powerful individual whose actions are key to her own rescue, thus giving even more power to the female roles. Not only does Cater transform the tale of Bluebeard into a feminist story by empowering the female characters, she also decreases the power of the secondary male characters by removing the brothers from the story and adding the less powerful piano-tuner. In Perraults version of the tale, the only male characters the reader encounters (aside from Bluebeard) are the brothers. Additionally, Perrault depicts the brothers as the very picture of masculinity, the one a dragoon and the other a musketeer (147). His version of the story only contains images of powerful and aggressive males. Carter opts to remove the brothers completely. As a result, the reader associates male power and aggression with evil because it is only found in the husband and is not positively represented. Carter not only removes the powerful and aggressive brothers, but she also adds the less-powerful piano-tuner, Jean Yves, to show a weakened power of men in the story. The narrator first describes Jean with a series of adjectives that lead the reader to picture him as a male without power, he was blind, of course; but young, with a gentle mouth (23). From this description the reader envisions a mild boy with a handicap, which is the complete opposite of the secondary male characters depicted in Perraults tale. Not only does the narrator describe Jean as a weakling in physical terms, she later describes his lack of courage. She states, The door slowly, nervously opened and I sawthe slight, stooping figure of the piano-tuner, and he looked far more terrified of me than my mothers daughter would have been of the Devil himself (31). Carters use of comparison points out the drastic difference in courage between the boy and the protagonist. Carter repeats this theme of comparison of bravery again when the narrator says, When I thought of courage, I thought of my mother. Then I saw a muscle in my lovers face quiver (38). By recalling the image of the powerful mother and placing it next to the quivering face of the lover, Carter reemphasizes the dramatic difference in courage between male and female. In doing so, Carter creates a world in which the only positive strong characters the reader encounters are female. By taking the power out of the hands of the males, and making the secondary male char acter a less powerful assistant to the females, Carter turns the gender-related power issues in the story upside-down. The fact that Carter creates a weak male character for her version of the story is an example of how she twists every aspect to change the traditional tale into a feminist piece. Carter goes beyond empowering the females of the story by strengthening the character of the mother to the point of savior and making the protagonist an active participant in her own escape. Additionally, she strips the story of all positive powerful males, leaving only the Bluebeard character, which stands alone as a negative representation of male power.

Our bodies our politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Our bodies our politics - Essay Example Hale in the article Suggested Rules for Non-Transsexuals Writing about Transsexuals, Transsexuality, Transsexualism suggests that non-transsexuals are writing about transsexuals, they should humbly approach their topic since they are not well informed about Transsexuality or transsexualism (2). They should not represent intersex people as all the same while writing. Various social factors such as class and medical conditions affect lives of intersex, and they can never be the same (Hale 3). Additionally, they should not ignore what transsexuals write and say or deny them their academic credentials by demanding that they should possess such credentials when not seriously taken (Hale 5). Further, in the article Suggested Guidelines for Non-Intersex Individuals Writing about Intersexuality and Intersex People, Koyama proposes that while writing one should not uncritically quote non-transsexual who are not experts about intersex people (3). They also believe one should start writing with a working hypothesis to guide his/her writing. They plead not to be judged based on the political agenda of the writer without consulting if it conflicts theirs and might not be superior to theirs. In addition, they say a writer should solely focus on what transsexualism tell him/her about his/her life and not about Trans. The writer should ask himself/herself if he/she can make it in the Transworld. Trans argue that writers cannot write about the figure, trope and discourse of Trans without writing about the subjectivities, lives and experience of Trans (Koyama 6). They conclude by warning writers that if Trans engage in angry, detailed criticism writers should not take that as rejec tion, unnecessary ranting or effects of testosterone, but merely consider it as a gift and a compliment. According to the article Some Very Basic Tips for Making Higher Education More Accessible to Trans Students and Rethink

Consulting For Nursing Informatics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Consulting For Nursing Informatics - Assignment Example In current times the traditional manual handling of information has been replaced by the automated handling of information collection, collation, distribution using computers and information technology tools giving rise to the discipline of informatics, which applied to healthcare is health informatics. Health informatics integrates several fields like Informatics, Nursing, Medical, Dental, Pharmaceutical, and Social and Consumer health, each being a specialty with overlap in some roles and tasks, but with the single objective of providing improved healthcare. There are several categories of trained personnel as applied to functions and tasks of nurses in health informatics: ‘informatics nurses’ have tasks in healthcare, ‘nursing informatics’ have tasks in informatics, and ‘informatics nurse specialists’ have higher knowledge and specialized skills, and have roles in higher functions. Consulting in the area of nursing informatics requires a lead ership position, a person who can plan, advice and execute nursing informatics projects under complex situations of overall healthcare informatics. Thus nursing consultant has the role in leading, planning, development, integration, maintenance, overall management, besides regular skill up gradation through training, management of systems and resources, and a system which through its performance expresses the value of nurses in the system of healthcare. The consultant in nursing informatics should also cover the tasks of change management, and interface and coordinate with people across the organization from nurses to clinical departments across the healthcare system. Besides, consulting should also include coordination with service vendors for IT, identify problems and provide solutions, advise on up gradation of systems, and implement systems consistency with professional standards.

Four Steps to Forecast Total Market Demand Essay Example for Free

Four Steps to Forecast Total Market Demand Essay Such forecasts are crucial since companies must begin building new generating plants five to ten years before they are to come on line. But during the 1975–1985 period, load actually grew at only a 2% rate. Despite the postponement or cancellation of many projects, the excess generating capacity has hurt the industry financial situation and led to higher customer rates. ? The petroleum industry invested $500 billion worldwide in 1980 and 1981 because it expected oil prices to rise 50% by 1985. The estimate was based on forecasts that the market would grow from 52 million barrels of oil a day in 1979 to 60 million barrels in 1985. Instead, demand had fallen to 46 million barrels by 1985. Prices collapsed, creating huge losses in drilling, production, refining, and shipping investments. Bill Barnett is a principal in the Atlanta office of McKinsey Company. He is a leader of the firm’s Microeconomics Center, and his client work has focused on business unit and corporate strategy. ? In 1983 and 1984, 67 new types of business personal computers were introduced to the U. S. market, and most companies were expecting explosive growth. One industry forecasting service projected an installed base of 27 million units by 1988; another predicted 28 million units by 1987. In fact, only 15 million units had been shipped by 1986. By then, many manufacturers had abandoned the PC market or gone out of business altogether. The inaccurate suppositions did not stem from a lack of forecasting techniques; regression analysis, historical trend smoothing, and others were available to all the players. Instead, they shared a mistaken fundamental assumption: that relationships driving demand in the past would continue unaltered. The companies didn’t foresee changes in end-user behavior or understand their market’s saturation point. None realized that history can be an unreliable guide as domestic economies become more international, new technologies emerge, and industries evolve. As a result of changes like these, many managers have come to distrust traditional techniques. Some even throw up their hands and assume that business planning must proceed without good demand forecasts. I disagree. It is possible to develop valuable insights into future market conditions and demand levels based on a deep understanding of the forces behind total-market demand. These insights can Copyright 1988 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. All rights reserved. sometimes make the difference between a winning strategy and one that flounders. A forecast of total-market demand won’t guarantee a successful strategy. But without it, decisions on investment, marketing support, and other resource allocations will be based on hidden, unconscious assumptions about industrywide requirements, and they’ll often be wrong. By gauging total-market demand explicitly, you have a better chance of controlling your company’s destiny. Merely going through the process has merit for a management team. Instead of just coming out with pat answers, numbers, and targets, the team is forced to rethink the competitive environment. Total-market forecasting is only the first stage in creating a strategy. When you’ve finished your forecast, you’re not done with the planning process by any means. There are four steps in any total-market forecast: 1. Define the market. 2. Divide total industry demand into its main components. 3. Forecast the drivers of demand in each segment and project how they are likely to change. . Conduct sensitivity analyses to understand the most critical assumptions and to gauge risks to the baseline forecast. Defining the Market At the outset, it’s best to be overly inclusive in defining the total market. Define it broadly enough to include all potential end users so that you can both identify the appropriate drivers of demand and reduce the risk of surprise product substitutions. The factors that drive forecasts of total-market size differ markedly from those that determine a particular product’s market share or product-category share. For example, total-market demand for office telecommunications products nationally depends in part on the number of people in offices and their needs and habits, while total demand for PBX systems depends on how they compare on price and benefits with substitute products like the local telephone company’s central office switching service. Beyond this, demand for a particular PBX is a function of price and benefit comparisons with other PBXs. In defining the market, an understanding of product substitution is critical. Customers might behave differently if the price or performance of potential substitute products changes. One company studying total demand for industrial paper tubes had to consider closely related uses of metal and plastic tubes 4 to prevent customer switching among tubes from biasing the results. Understand, too, that a completely new product could displace one that hitherto had comprised the entire market—like the electronic calculator, which eliminated the slide rule. For a while after ATT’s divestiture, the Bell telephone companies continued to forecast volume of long-distance calls by using historical trend lines of their revenues—as if they were still part of a monopoly. Naturally, these forecasts grew more inaccurate with time as end users were presented with new choices. The companies are now broadening their market definitions to take account of heightened competition from other longdistance carriers. There are several ways you can make sure you include all important substitute products (both current and potential). From interviews with industrial customers you can learn about substitutes they are studying or about product usage patterns that imply future switching opportunities. Moreover, market research can lead to insights about consumer products. Speaking with experts in the relevant technologies or reviewing technological literature can help you identify potential developments that could threaten your industry. Finally, careful quantification of the economic value of alternative products to different customers can yield deep insights into potential switching behavior—for example, how oil price movements would affect plastics prices, which in turn would affect plastic products’ ability to substitute for metal or paper. Analyses like these can lead to the construction of industry demand curves—graphs representing the relationship between price and volume. With an appropriate definition, the total-industry demand curves will often be steeper than demand curves for individual products in the industry. Consumers, for example, are far more likely to switch from Maxwell House to Folgers coffee if Maxwell House’s prices increase than they are to stop buying coffee if all coffee prices rise. In some cases, managers can make quick judgments about market definition. In other cases, they’ll have to give their market considerable thought and analysis. A total-market forecast may not be critical to business strategy if market definition is very difficult or the products under study have small market shares. Instead, your principal challenge may be to understand product substitution and competitiveness. One company analyzed the potential market for new consumer food cans, and it concluded that growth trends in food product markets were not critical to the strategy question. What was critical was knowing the value positions of the new packagesJuly–August 1988 elative to metal cans, glass jars, and composite cans. So the company spent time on that subject. Dividing Demand into Component Parts The second step in forecasting is to divide total demand into its main components for separate analysis. There are two criteria to keep in mind when choosing segments: make each category small and homogeneous enough so that the drivers of demand will apply consistently across its various elements; make each large enough so that the analysis will be worth the effort. Of course, this is a matter of judgment. You may find it useful in aking this judgment to imagine alternative segmentations (based on enduse customer groups, for example, or type of purchase). Then hypothesize their key drivers of demand (discussed later) and decide how much detail is required to capture the true situation. As the assessment continues, managers can return to this stage and reexamine whether the initial decisions still stand up. Managers may wish to use a ‘‘tree’’ diagram like the accompanying one constructed by a management team in 1985 to study demand for paper. In this disguised example, industry data permitted the division of demand into 12 end-use categories. Some categories, like business forms and reprographic paper, were big contributors to total consumption; others, such as labels, were not. One (other converting) was fairly large but too diverse for deep analysis. The team focused on the four segments that accounted for 80% of 1985 demand. It then developed secondary branches of the tree to further dissect these categories and to determine their drivers of demand. It analyzed the remaining segments less completely (that is, via a regression against broad macroeconomic trends). Other companies have used similar methods to segment total demand. One company divided demand for maritime satellite terminals by type of ship (e. g. , seismic ships, bulk/cargo/container ships). Another divided demand for long-distance telephone service into business and residential customers and then subdivided it by usage level. And a third segmented consumer appliances into three purchase types—appliances used in new home construction, replacement appliance sales in existing homes, and appliance penetration in existing homes. In thinking about market divisions, managers need to decide whether to use existing data on segment sizes or to commission research to get an independent estimate. Reliable public information on historHARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW July–August 1988 ical demand levels by segment is available for many big U. S. industries (like steel, automobiles, and natural gas) from industry associations, the federal government, off-the-shelf studies by industry experts, or ongoing market data services. For some foreign markets and less well-researched industries in the United States, like the labels industry, you may have to get independent estimates. Even with good data sources, however, the readily available information may not be divided into the best categories to support an insightful analysis. In these cases, managers must decide whether to develop their forecasts based on the available historical data or to undertake their own market research programs, which can be timeconsuming and expensive. Note that while such segmentation is sufficient for forecasting total demand, it may not create categories useful for developing a marketing strategy. A single product may be driven by entirely different factors. One study of industrial components found that consumer industry categories provided a good basis for projecting total-market demand but gave only limited help in formulating a strategy based on customer preferences: distinguishing those who buy on price from those who buy on service, product quality, or other benefits. Such buying-factor categories generally do not correlate with the customer industry categories used for forecasting. A strong sales force, however, can identify customer preferences and develop appropriate account tactics for each one. Forecasting the Drivers of Demand The third step is to understand and forecast the drivers of demand in each category. Here you can make good use of regressions and other statistical techniques to find some causes for changes in historical demand. But this is only a start. The tougher challenge is to look beyond the data on which regressions can easily be based to other factors where data are much harder to find. Then you need to develop a point of view on how those other factors may themselves change in the future. An end-use analysis from the commodity paper example, reprographic paper, is shown in the accompanying chart. The management team, using available data, divided reprographic paper into two categories: plain-paper copier paper and nonimpact page printer paper. Without this important differentiation, the drivers of demand would have been masked, making it hard to forecast effectively. In most cases, managers can safely assume that demand is affected both by macroeconomic vari5 Components of Uncoated White Paper Making Up Total Demand (thousands of tons) End-Use Category Business Forms Commercial Printing Reprographics Envelopes Other Converting Total Demand Stationery and Tablet Books Directories Catalogs Magazines Inserts Labels Reviewed in Depth Percent of Total 1985 Demand 25% 25 20 10 5 5 5 1 or less ables and by industry-specific developments. In looking at plain-paper copier paper, the team used simple and multiple regression analyses to test relationships with macroeconomic factors like white-collar workers, population, and economic performance. Most of the factors had a significant effect on demand. Intuitively, it also made sense to the team that the level of business activity would relate to paper consumption levels. Economists sometimes refer to growth in demand due to factors like these as an ‘‘outward shift’’ in the demand curve—toward a greater quantity demanded at a given price. ) Demand growth for copy paper, however, had exceeded the real rate of economic growth and the challenge was to find what other factors had been causing this. The team hypothesized that declining copy costs had caused this increased usage. The relationship was proved by estimating the substantial cost reductions that had occurred, combining those with numbers of tons produced over time, and then fashioning an indicative demand curve for copy paper. See the chart ‘‘Understanding Copy Paper Demand Drivers. ’’) The clear relationship between cost and volume meant that cost reductions had been an important cause of past demand growth. (Economists sometimes describe this as a downward-shifting supply curve leading to movement down the demand curve. ) Further major declines in cost per copy seemed unlikely because paper costs were expected to remain flat, and the data indicated little increase in 6 price elasticity, even if cost per copy fell further. So the team concluded that usage growth (per level of economic performance) was likely to continue the flattening trend begun in 1983: growth in copy paper consumption would be largely a function of economic growth, not cost declines as in the past. The team then reviewed several econometric services forecasts to develop a base case economic forecast. Similar studies have been performed in other industries. A simple one was the industrial components analysis mentioned before, a case where the total forecast was used as background but was not critical to the company’s strategy decision. Here the team divided demand into its consuming industries and then asked experts in each industry for production forecasts. Total demand for components was projected on the assumption that it would move parallel to a weight-averaged forecast of these customer industries. Actual demand three years later was 2% above the team’s prediction, probably because the industry experts underestimated the impact of the economic recovery of 1984 and 1985. In another example, a team forecasting demand for maritime satellite terminals extrapolated past penetration curves for each of five categories of ships.

Death Penalty :: essays research papers

The first established death penalty laws date as far back as the Eighteenth Century B.C. in the Code of King Hammaurabi of Babylon, which codified the death penalty for twenty-five different crimes. The death penalty was also part of the Fourteenth Century B.C.’s Hittite Code; in the Seventh Century B.C.’s Draconian Code of Athens, which made death the only punishment for all crimes; and in the Fifth Century B.C.’s Roman Law of the Twelve Tablets. Death sentences were carried out by such means as crucifixion, drowning, beating to death, burning alive, and impalement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the Tenth Century A.D., hanging became the usual method of execution in Britain. In the following century, William the Conqueror would not allow persons to be hanged or otherwise executed for any crime, except in times of war. This trend would not last, for in the Sixteenth Century, under the reign of Henry VIII, as many as 72,000 people are estimated to have been executed. Some common methods of execution at that time were boiling, burning at the stake, hanging, beheading, and drawing and quartering. Executions were carried out for such capital offenses as marrying a Jew, not confessing to a crime, and treason (Bedau 3).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The number of capital crimes in Britain continued to rise throughout the next two centuries. By the 1700s, 222 crimes were punishable by death in Britain, including stealing, cutting down a tree, and robbing a rabbit warren. Because of the severity of the death penalty, many juries would not convict defendants if the offense were not serious. This lead to reforms of Britain’s death penalty. From 1823 to 1837, the death penalty was eliminated for over 100 of the 222 crimes punishable by death (Bender and Leone 16).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Britain influenced America’s use of the death penalty more than any other country. When European settlers came to the new world, they brought the practice of capital punishment. The first recorded execution in the new colonies was that of Captain George Kendall in the Jamestown colony of Virginia in 1608. Kendall was executed for being a spy for Spain. In 1612, Virginia Governor, Sir Thomas Dale, enacted the Divine, Moral and Martial Laws, which provided the death penalty for even minor offenses such as stealing grapes, killing chickens, and trading with Indians.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Laws regarding the death penalty varied from colony to colony. The Massachusetts Bay Colony held its first execution in 1630, even though the Capital Laws of New England did not go into effect until years later.

Macroeconomics Homework

One of the possible characteristics of the UK national daily newspaper would be the tight competition that exists in the said market due to the availability of the large number of newspaper companies. This characteristic of UK national newspaper causes tight market competition among its member firms. Another characteristic would be the difficulty of market entry in the said industry. This can be attributed to the large number of newspaper companies that already exist in the market. Price competition serves to be one of the major factors that attract more customers based on the given case. Moreover, innovation is also vital to the newspaper industry of UK since newspaper readers now prefer newspapers in a form of either tabloid or any other style that is much different from the conventional broadsheet from of UK’s newspaper. Using the theory of oligopoly, discuss why the Guardian chose to launch a new design of paper in 2005. Read also  Homework Solutions – Chapter 3 On the other hand, the reason why The Guardian launched a new design of newspaper mainly because they have to go with the flow on what other companies has been doing into their products. It was identified that almost all of the competitors of The Guardian has already been shifted from their conventional broadsheet newspapers to smaller design of newspapers like tabloid. One characteristics of Oligopoly would be the fact that any action of one firm in the market may it be price or marketing strategy, always affects other players on the said industry (Tutor2u.com 2007: 1). The fact that The Guardian was forced to make new designs for its newspaper would necessarily mean that they were affected by the strategies of their competitors of transforming the size of their newspapers. Moreover, based on the case, price only matters less or only among the many factors that affects the demand of newspaper readers which is also a part of the traits of Oligopoly. Works Cited Tutor2u.com (2007). Oligopoly [online]. Available: http://tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/monopoly/oligopoly_notes.htm [Accessed

Mental health and exercise essays

Mental health and exercise essays As Plesser introduced the topic on Mental Health and Exercise, there were two significant issues that she brought attention to during this lecture. One main issue was the state of depression and how one is able to overcome it. A depressed individual may have symptoms such as loss of interest and pleasure in activities that they formerly enjoyed, noticeable change in sleep patterns, loss of energy and fatigue, feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness, the inability to concentrate, and recurring thoughts of suicide. A useful way to prevent this disorder is by having positive addictions which replaces negative addictions according to Plesser. This can be done by exercise which can help us improve our self-perception and self-esteem. Another important issue that was discussed was the whole idea of exercise and how it benefits us as human beings. There are two types of exercise: aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic exercise helps elevate ones heartbeat, and anaerobic exercise does not elevate ones heartbeat. This particular exercise can be done by weight training and yoga. If we exercise, we release endorphin which increases blood flow to the brain, and therefore making us feel good. Not only does exercise help us physically, but mentally as well. Exercise helps improve our social interaction with others. Exercise relieves certain disorders such as stress and lowers our anxiety level. Stress is relieved by being active which raises our heart rate and perspiration. These two issues definitely impacts my ability to live a healthful lifestyle because exercising prevents many problems both physically and mentally; one major disorder such as depression. Exercise will prevent me from future problems such as cancer and heart disease. Furthermore, this issue is essential to my life as a college student. As a freshman, I will encounter many struggles and hardships due to adjusting to ...

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 30

Economics - Essay Example were considered â€Å"too-large-to-fail† (reference?)because of the substantial public interest involved in their continued operation, and thus it was generally taken for granted that government will bail them out. Coupled with this is the â€Å"shift towards more self-regulatory rules that permitted US investment banks to increase leverage and reduce diversification under pressure of competition† (Coffee, 2009, p.1). No reference â€Å"functional regulators† or is there no need to? GAO is the source of the phrase. Its inclusion within the same sentence as having expressed the idea, then followed by another citation at the end of the paragraph, are sufficient. A concern expressed by the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) is that while the different activities were allowed within the same bank, they remained subject to â€Å"functional regulators† (***reference***)where federal authorities (such as the SEC or CFTC) had jurisdiction over specific financial products or services. This resulted in multiple regulators overseeing different business lines within a single institution, and obscured the lines demarcating their areas and making regulation more difficult (US GAO, 2009). Should Clarification on Dodd be made? Or there is no need to? Well, this is the only bill currently passing Congres. Having to clarify it will waste wordcount which we don’t have. I’ll just replace Dodd with the word â€Å"proposed†. In the US, the origin of the 2008 subprime market crisis, reforms being sought are incorporated in the Dodd(?)banking reform bill that has been passed by the House of Representatives and which is being considered in the Senate. is there grammar correct on the following? Yes, these are parts of an enumeration. We could put them as bulleted phrases, but some profs don’t want the paragraph form disturbed in the case of essays, so they don’t want bulleting. Reference for Keynesian and Hayek ? Keynesian and Hayek are staple cornerstone theories, named

The Importance of Health as You Age Research Paper

The Importance of Health as You Age - Research Paper Example Scot: anything that gets your body moving is technically a physical activity. The first thing one has to consider while aging is to keep moving. That means that you should not spend long hours sitting down. Scot’s response on the health of the elderly is similar to some of the studies. Adults (50+) spend an average of 10 hours daily either lying or sitting down. The consequences of their inactivity include heart diseases, obesity among others that lead to early death compared to the overall population. As one gets older, it is vital that he remains active if he wants to remain healthy and uphold his independence. Otherwise, everything you have always enjoyed practicing and taken for a ride will start becoming harder. They might struggle pursuing simple pleasures such as playing with their grandchildren, walking it to the mall, meeting up with friends and even leisure activities. Eating right is another of making your health better. As one ages, good nutrition plays a very vital role in how well you age. Eating low-fat, low-salt diet with lots of fruits, fiber and vegetables can diminish your age -related diseases including diabetes, heart disease, osteoporosis, stroke and other chronic diseases (Martin, 89). Diversifying your diet with a variety of foods can easily help your body get the nutrients it needs. For instance, proteins that is required to rebuild and maintain muscles. One can acquire low fat, protein from fish, soy, low-fat meat, a limited amount of nuts and eggs. Carbohydrate that provides the body with energy is important. There are two major sources of dietary carbohydrates: complex carbohydrates that come from grains and vegetables and simple sugars such as lactose, sucrose and fructose. Unlike refined sugars, fruits have fiber and vitamins; dairy products have nutrients such as vitamin D and calcium, and complex carbohydrates have minerals, vitamins and fiber. One has to get most of the carbohydrate calories from